Botulinum neurotoxin: the ugly duckling.

Expression and Purification of Neurotoxin-Associated Protein HA-33/A from Clostridium botulinum and Evaluation of Its Antigenicity

Background: Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) complexes consist of neurotoxin and neurotoxin-associated proteins. Hemagglutinin-33 (HA-33) is a member of BoNT type A (BoNT/A) complex. Considering the protective role of HA-33 in preservation of BoNT/A in gastrointestinal harsh conditions and also its adjuvant role, recombinant production of this protein is favorable. Thus in this study, HA-33 was expr...

Immunogenic and Protective Potentials of Recombinant Receptor Binding Domain and a C-Terminal Fragment of Clostridium botulinum Neurotoxin Type E

Clostridium Botulinum Type E neurotoxin heavy chain consists of two domains: the translocation domain asthe N-terminal half and the binding domain as the Cterminal half (Hc). One effective way to neutralize botulinum neurotoxin is to inhibit binding of this toxin to neuromuscular synapses with antibodies against binding domain. Two synthetic genes, coding for Hc (the full length binding d...

The effect of pH on recombinant C-terminal domain of Botulinum Neurotoxin type E (rBoNT/E-HCC)

Recombinant proteins are tending to be the most favorable vaccine-candidates against botulism. Recombinant Carboxy-terminal of botulinum neurotoxin serotype E (rBoNT/E-HCC) has been introduced as an efficient vaccine against botulism type E. In this report, we made an effort to investigate the effect of different pH on protein structure to assess if rBoNT/E-HCC could be used as a vaccine for or...

Effect of Botulinum Neurotoxin A Injection into the Submucoperichondrium of the Nasal Septum in Reducing Idiopathic Non-Allergic Rhinitis and Persistent Allergic Rhinitis

Introduction: Submucoperichondrial injection of botulinum neurotoxin A (BTA) in the nasal septum is a promising therapeutic option in the treatment of persistent allergic rhinitis (AR) and non-allergic rhinitis, and is safer and more effective than intraturbinate injection in reducing clinical symptoms.   Materials and Methods: Forty patients diagnosed with persistent AR or non-allergic rhiniti...

Cloning, Expression and Purification of Clostridium botulinum Neurotoxin Type E Binding Domain